Antigen Retrieval Immunohistochemistry: Review and Future
Prospects in Research and Diagnosis over Two Decades
Shan-Rong Shi, Yan Shi, and Clive R. Taylor
Department of Pathology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California (SRS, CRT) and Department of Pathology,
New York University, Langone Medical Center (YS).
Summary
As a review for the 20th anniversary of publishing the antigen retrieval (AR) technique in this journal, the authors intend
briefly to summarize developments in AR-immunohistochemistry (IHC)–based research and diagnostics, with particular
emphasis on current challenges and future research directions. Over the past 20 years, the efforts of many different
investigators have coalesced in extending the AR approach to all areas of anatomic pathology diagnosis and research and
further have led to AR-based protein extraction techniques and tissue-based proteomics. As a result, formalin-fixed paraffinembedded
(FFPE) archival tissue collections are now seen as a literal treasure of materials for clinical and translational
research to an extent unimaginable just two decades ago. Further research in AR-IHC is likely to focus on tissue proteomics,
developing a more efficient protocol for protein extraction from FFPE tissue based on the AR principle, and combining the
proteomics approach with AR-IHC to establish a practical, sophisticated platform for identifying and using biomarkers in
personalized medicine. (J Histochem Cytochem 59:13–32, 2011) http://jhc.sagepub.com/content/59/1/13.full.pdf+html作者: shanghainese 时间: 2012-4-28 23:21 标题: 作者的自我介绍. <我和抗原修复技术>
1988年夏,我接受一位日本友人的邀请,赴福岛医科大学作内耳免疫电镜研究,为期一年。由于时间太短,我无暇考虑抗原修复技术。次年夏天,我应邀返美。因受六四影响,赴美签证十分困难。我数次拎着行李,奔走于上野车站,东京街头以及美国大使馆,幸有朋友相助,终于获得签证,再返旧金山市。通过向加州地区的生物技术公司联系,受邀到BioGenex面试。面试时,负责该公司开发研究的白人博士向我提出了一个尖锐的问题:“你能够为这家公司作何贡献?”。我立即回答:发明一项抗原修复技术,能够将免疫组织化学技术用于石蜡切片。他立即半带叽讽地说:”你如果能够发明这样一项技术,你将会名闻全世界”。我懂得他的言下之意:多少比你有水平的知名学者都束手无策,你多半不会成功。不过,我还是被雇用了。数月后,这位博士从美国病理学年会带回一篇资料,关于一种增进免疫组织化学染色的方法。有人报告用硫酸锌溶液滴加在石蜡切片上,以后再作免疫组织化学染色,可以增强效果。他叫我试用,经过多次试验后,毫无效果。这时,我突然产生一个念头:何不试用高温加热处理?正巧,手边就有一台微波炉。我开始将滴加有硫酸锌溶液的石蜡切片放到微波炉内加热,但溶液很快干掉,大量化合物沉淀于玻片上,无法染色。我改用一个装切片用的塑料缸子,盛满水溶液再加热煮沸。约5分钟后,再补充失去的水分以免干燥。使我大为吃驚的事终于发生了:经过这样处理后的石蜡切片,免疫组织化学染色呈现鲜明的阳性结果,背景出奇地清晰。开始,我几乎不相信这是可能的事实。经过多次试验,共52抗体,90%均获得满意的效果。就这样,这一极为简便而效果卓著的抗原修复技术 (Antigen retrieval)就此在1990年诞生了。公司对于这一发明也十分重视,特别邀请了三位美国最著名的免疫组织化学专家作现场技术鉴定。並将我的技术方法带回,经过他们的大学实验室重复验证后,正式公认了这一新技术。公司也申请了专利权。我写了一篇关于这一新技术的文章准备发表,也由于人为的干扰因素,儿乎拖延了将近一年的时间未能送出文稿。然而,这一新技术已经广为传播,幸好我在文稿上加上老板的名字,通過他的批准,将文稿送交组织化学和细胞化学杂志 (Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry),当时的总编辑,杰出的神经病理学家Paul Anderson 教授迅即决定接受发表于该刊1991 年第6期1。